ATARAXIA DAN SHALOM: KOMPARASI KONSEP BAHAGIA STOIK DENGAN AJARAN YESUS KRISTUS
Keywords:
Stoik, Ataraxia, Shalom, kebahagiaan, sukacita, damai sejahteraAbstract
This study explores and compares the concept of happiness in Stoic philosophy and the teachings of Jesus, focusing on the idea of “Ataraxia” in Stoicism and “Shalom” in the Judeo-Christian tradition. The study aims to analyze the differences and similarities between the two views, as well as their implications for contemporary understandings of happiness. Through textual analysis of classical Stoic writings and the New Testament, the study investigates how these two traditions understand the source, nature and attainment of happiness. Stoicism emphasizes Ataraxia as a state of inner calm achieved through self-acceptance and mastery, while the teachings of Jesus promote Shalom as a holistic peace rooted in relationships with God and others. Preliminary findings suggest that despite significant differences in metaphysical foundations and ultimate goals, both traditions offer valuable insights into the role of acceptance, wisdom and transcendence in the attainment of true happiness. This research contributes to the dialogue between classical philosophy and Christian theology, while offering new perspectives for understanding and pursuing happiness in a modern context.
References
M. Carlos Kodoati, “Epikureanisme dan Stoikisme: Etika Helenistik Untuk Seni Hidup Modern,” Media J. Filsafat dan Teol., vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 91–102, 2023, doi: 10.53396/media.v4i1.140.
A. E. Rerung, R. Sekke Sewanglangi’, and S. Alang Patanduk, “Membangun Self-Love Pada Anak Usia Remaja Menggunakan Teori Filsafat Stoikisme Marcus Aurelius,” Masokan Ilmu Sos. dan Pendidik., vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 105–115, 2022, doi: 10.34307/misp.v2i2.55.
S. E. Karyn Natasha, Maliha Jawda Thufailah, Mutiara Az-Zahra, Munir Faris Waliyudin, “Manajemen Stress Menurut Aliran Stoisisme,” Researchgate, no. December, pp. 1–11, 2023, [Online]. Available: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Maliha-Thufailah/publication/376758908_Manajemen_Stress_Menurut_Aliran_Stoisisme/links/6586cb3e0bb2c7472b07fb7e/Manajemen-Stress-Menurut-Aliran-Stoisisme.pdf.
B. Lie, “Pengaruh Stoikisme terhadap Kesejahteraan Emosional dan Pengendalian Diri,” veritas, vol. 2, no. Oktober, pp. 165–184, 2011.
“Zenon dari Kition - Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas.” https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zenon_dari_Kition (accessed Dec. 15, 2024).
Z. N. S. A. P. W. M. F. A. M. A. Pratama, “Etika dalam Stoik,” Prax. J. Filsafat Terap., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1–25, 2024.
“Stoikisme - Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas.” https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoikisme (accessed Dec. 15, 2024).
A. S. Wibowo, “Ataraxia: Bahagia Menurut Stoikisme,” Widiantoro, Ed. Sleman: Kanisius, 2019, p. PT. Kanisisus.
H. Manampiring, HENRY MANAMPIRING Ilustrasi oleh LEVINA LESMANA FILOSOFI TERAS FILSAFAT YU NAN I-ROMAWI KUNO UNTUK MENTAL TANGGUH MASA KINI. 2019.
“Stoisisme dan Kristen: Pelajaran, Persamaan dan Perbedaan,” Daily Stoic. https://dailystoic-com.translate.goog/stoicism-and-christianity/?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=id&_x_tr_hl=id&_x_tr_pto=tc (accessed Dec. 17, 2024).
L. A. A, Stoic Studies. Cambridge: Cambridge Universitu Press, 1996.
Yohanes Theo, “Epikuros dan Filosofi Kematian: Menyingkirkan Ketakutan dan Mencapai Kebahagiaan,” J. Sos. Hum., vol. 3, no. 1, p. 51, 2023, [Online]. Available: https://journal.unpar.ac.id/index.php/sapientia/issue/view/512.
N. H. Bartman, The Holy Book of Epicurus. Leaping Pig Publishing, 2023.
“Epikureanisme - Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas.” https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epikureanisme (accessed Jan. 12, 2025).
B. Gunawan, “Hidup Bahagia?-Etika Epikuros,” vol. 09, no. 03, 2023.
A. M. D. I. T. S. R. Sondjaya; and M. A. Pratama., “Logika dalam Stoik,” Prax. J. Filsafat Terap., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 1–25, 2024, doi: 10.11111.
E. Sari, “Paradigma Psikologi Komunikasi dalam Memandang Permasalahan Melalui Nilai-nilai Stoikisme di Kalangan Remaja,” J. Ilmu Komun., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 54–71, 2023, [Online]. Available: http://jurnalprisanicendekia.com/index.php/jbc/article/view/127.
“Ataraxia, Menjadi Manusia Tanpa Konflik dan Contohnya dalam Kehidupan Sehari-hari - Prokal - Halaman 2.” https://www.prokal.co/lifestyle/1775460828/ataraxia-menjadi-manusia-tanpa-konflik-dan-contohnya-dalam-kehidupan-sehari-hari?page=2 (accessed Jan. 13, 2025).
A. H.MASLOW, MOTIVATION PERSONALITY. Harper & Row, 1954.
Bp. Heather Craig, “Psychology of Happiness: A Summary of the Theory & Research,” Positive Psychology, 2024. https://positivepsychology.com/psychology-of-happiness/ (accessed Dec. 17, 2024).
Y. T. Handoko, “Sukacita (Filipi 1:3-5),” Reformed Exodus Community. https://rec.or.id/sukacita-filipi-13-5/ (accessed Dec. 16, 2024).
S. Dolson, “Book Review: Henri Nouwen’s ‘The Return of the Prodigal Son,’” The Eco, 2024. https://www.theechonews.com/article/2023/04/book-review-henri-nouwens-the-return-of-the-prodigal-son (accessed Dec. 17, 2024).
“Sukacita di dalam Kristus: Mengubahkan, Mencerahkan, Memberdayakan » GKI Kota Wisata,” GKI Kota Wisata, 2021. https://www.gkikotawisata.org/sukacita-di-dalam-kristus-mengubahkan-mencerahkan-memberdayakan (accessed Dec. 16, 2024).
J. Koessler, “A Theology of Joy | Today in the Word,” To Day in the Word, 2022. https://www.todayintheword.org/practical-theology/a-theology-of-joy/ (accessed Dec. 16, 2024).
W. Beavis, “Joy Is Just One Choice Away,” Christian Standard, 2024. https://christianstandard.com/2021/11/joy-is-just-one-choice-away/ (accessed Dec. 16, 2024).
“Koine Yunani & Alkitab | Sumber Alkitab.” https://www.christian-pilgrimage-journeys.com/biblical-sources/christianity-ancient-greece/greek-koine-and-the-bible/ (accessed Dec. 15, 2024).
H. I. S. Budi, Pegantar Filsafat Teologi, 1st ed. Yogyakarta: Jejak Pustaka, 2023.
C. P. Kasma, H. Nasution, and A. M. D. Faza, “Pengendalian Diri Menurut Filsafat Stoikisme (Analisis terhadap Buku Filosofi Teras Karya Henry Manampiring),” Tsaqofah, vol. 3, no. 5, pp. 1002–1010, 2023, doi: 10.58578/tsaqofah.v3i5.1759.
A. S. Wibowo, Ataraxia, 2nd ed. Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 2020.
P. Stankiewicz, “The indirect ways of Stoic happiness,” no. January, p. 2022, 2022.
P. S. of T. C. Ministry, “9 Disiplin Rohani yang Penting bagi Mahasiswa Jurusan Pendidikan Agama,” Poin Loma, Nazarene University. https://www.pointloma.edu/resources/theology-christian-ministry/9-essential-spiritual-disciplines-ministry-student (accessed Dec. 17, 2024).
R. D. Y. Pandie, “Philosophy of Stoicism in the Perspective of Christian Faith,” SemarangPASCA J. Teol. dan Pendidik. Agama Kristen, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 44–58, 2023, Accessed: Dec. 14, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://journal.stbi.ac.id/index.php/PSC/article/view/266/90.
H. Manampiring, Filosofi Teras, 7th ed. Jakarta: Kompas Media Nusantara, 2019.
E. Situmorang, N. W. Daeli, L. T. Gea, S. Tinggi, and T. Arastamar, “Kebahagiaan Sejati Berdasarkan Mazmur 1 : 1-6 dan Kontribusinya Bagi Orang Percaya,” J. Pendidik. Agama dan Teol., vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 93–102, 2024.
Fatieli Halawa and Mozes Lawalata, “Makna Kebahagiaan Menurut Filsafat Kristen : Meraih Kebahagiaan Abadi Dalam Tuhan,” J. Budi Pekerti Agama Kristen dan Katolik, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 121–131, 2024, doi: 10.61132/jbpakk.v2i2.320.
J. S. Lima, “Stoisisme Kristen : Dari Amor Fati kepada Amor Deus Christian Stoicism : From Amor Fati to Amor Deus,” Soc. Dei, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 82–103, 2023.
